Automatic ribbon-reverse.



No.- 820,834. PATENTED MAY15, 1906.

W. A. TWINING. AUTOMATIC RIBBON REVERSE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.14, 1905.

7 SHEETS-SHEET l.

No. 820,834. PATENTED MAY '15, 1-906 'w. A. TWINING. AUTOMATIC RIBBON EEvEEsE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.14, 1905.

' 7 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W. A. TWINING. AUTOMATIC RIBBON REVERSE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.14, 1905.

PATENTED MAY 15, 1906.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

No. 820,834. PATENTED MAY 15, 1906.

W. A. TWINING. AUTOMATIC RIBBON REVERSE.

APPLICATION FILED MARl4,1905.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

PATENTED MAY 15, 1906.

W. A. T WINING AUTOMATIC RIBBON REVERSE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.14,1905- '7 SHEETS-SHEBT 5.

.T g wvamtoz AUTOMATIC RIBBON REVERSE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.14,1905.

7 SHEETSSHEET 6.

lA/N/ w-iltmaooeo PATENTED MAY 15 1906.

W. A. TWINING. AUTOMATIC RIBBON REVERSE.

APPLICATION FILED MAEJ I, 1905.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

UNITED sTArEs PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM A. Tl/VINING,-OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO ELLIOTT- FISH ER- OO MPANY,

WARE.

OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF DELA AUTOMATIC RlBBON-REVERSE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 15, 1906.

Application filed March 1.4;, 1905. Serial No. 250.052.

an automatic ribbon-reversing mechanism adapted for the equipment of an Elliott- Fisher type-writer of the Fisher type or pattern and capable of use in connection with the ribbon-feeding mechanism invented by John A. Smith and disclosed in Patent No. 723,936, dated March 31, 1903.

The invention consists in providing locking means for the shift bar. of the Smith ribhon-feed and ribbon-controlled means acting automatically upon the completion of the ribbon-feed. in one direction to so connect the shift-bar and its locking mechanism with the keys of the type-writer that the subsequent depression of a key to print a character on the work-sheet will incidentally unlock the shift-bar and sh ft the same to reverse the direction of the ribbon-feed, the shift-bar being automatically locked in its new position.

The invention also consists in certain details of construction and arrangement hereinafter described, illustrated in the accompanyjng drawings, and embraced within. the scope of the appended claims.

In said drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional view of the carriage of an Elliott-Fisher typewriter equipped in accordance with my invention and viewed from the front. Fig. 2 is a side elevationof the complete typewriter with the machine-su pporting frame in section. F g. 3 is a section similar to Fig. 1, but viewed from the rear of the machine. Fig. 4 is a perspective view, on an enlarged scale, of the mechanism 'for unlocking and shifting the shift-bar in one direction. Fig. 4* is a detail perspectiveview of the shifting lever shown. in 4.. Fig. 4 is a similar view of the locking-dog Fig. 4 is a detail view of the unlocking and shifting arm. Fig. 5is a deta'l perspective view of that group of mechanism which acts in alternation with shift-bar in the opposite direction. Fi 5 is a detail view! showing the manner in w rich the locking-dog shown in Fig. 5 is mounted at the upper end of the arm extending from the shift bar. Fig. 5 is a deta'lview of the locking-dog detached Fig. 5 is a similar view of the unlocking and shifting arm shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 6 is-a sectional view through one end of the type-writercarriagadisclosing the mechanism shown in Fig. 5, but viewed from the opposite directionthat is to say, from the front of the machine. Fig. 7 is a the mechanism shownin Fig. 4 to move the sectional elevation of the type-writin'ganachine carriage and associated parts viewed from the rear, the parts being shown in the positions they assume immediately after the shifting of the ribbon-feed by the actuation of that group of mechanism shown in Fig; 4 and Fig. 8 is a skeleton perspective view designed to show the complete ribbon feeding and reversing mechanism, together with such other elements of the machine structure as .arei'ntimately associated with this invention.

As stated, the mechanism constituting the present embodiment of my invention has been devised with special reference to the equipment of an Elliott-Fisher type-writer of what is known as the Fisher type, exemplified in Patent No. 573,868 to R. J. Fisher. Therefore the accompanying drawings disclose so much of the Fisher machine as is necessary to a proper understanding of the inthe flat platen over which the printing mech:

anism is moved.

In its general organization the machine involves a machine-frame 1, mounted to travel in the direction of line-spacing upon tracks or guides 2 and having parallel front and rear carriage-guides 3 and 4, upon which is mounted to travel in the direction of letterspacing the carriage 5. Pendent from the carriage 5 is a type-bar-supporting ring 6, a fragment of which is shown in Fig. 8. This ring supports the downwardly-swinging typebars 7, connected by draw-wires 8 with the key-levers 9, suitably fulcrurned within the carriage-casing and operated by keys 10. From the stem of each key is extended a pin nected to laterally-disposed arms "14, fixed to a rock-shaft 15. By means of an arm 16 and a suitableintermediate connection the rock shaft is connected to the escapement-dogs .17 disposed to alternately engage the escapement-wheel 18. The escapement-wheel 18 is mounted on a feed-spindle 19, 'journaled in the carriage and provided with-front and rear feed-pinions '20, meshing with front and rear feed-racks 21 and 22, (see Fig. 2,) rigid with the front and rear carriage-guides 3 and 4. The carriage is constantly urged to the right, or in the direction of letter-spacing, by feeddrums, (not shown,) but is normally held against movement bythe engagement of the parts of the escapement. 'Wh'en a key is depressed, it throws down a typeebar 7 to print a character and operates one of the yokes 12 to rock the shaft 15. This'movement of the rock-shaft shifts the escapement-dogs, which reassume their normal positions when the key rises fromitsstroke, this return of the parts being assisted by a spring 23', encircling the shaft 15. As the escapement-dogs thus shift back during the-retraction of the key, the

carriage feeds forward the distance of'one letter-space and is arrested by the escapement in position to print the next character.

The mechanism thus far described is not novel but a general understanding of its construction and operation is essential to a proper comprehension of my invention, sincev the key-operated rock-shaft 15 of the carriage-feeding mechanism constitutes an element of the mechanism whereby I effect the unlocking and shifting of the Smith shift-bar to secure a reversal of the ribbon-feed. I shall now proceed with a brief description of the ribbon-feeding mechanism usually emloyed onthe Fisher type-writer and exemplified in the Smith patent before referred to.

Supported in pendent hangers at the opposite end of the carriage 5 are a pair of parallel spool-shafts 24 and 25, carrying ribbonspools 26 and 27. These spools are designed to rotate with the shafts. The inking-ribbon 28, having its opposite ends wound on the spools, is retained bya ribbon-guiding frame 29, arranged to present the ribbon immediately above the writing-surface. At the rear ends of the shafts 24 and 25 are mounted spool-pinions 30 and 31, operatively connected thereto by pawl-and ratchet mechanism, so arranged that when either of "the spoolpinions is positively rotated the associated spool will rotate therewith to wind. upthe ribbon, while the spool at the other end of the carriage will rotate idly to pay out, the ribbori as it is: drawn forward. Ribbon release mechanism, which need not be described, is also associated with the pinions 30 and 31 to effect the complete disconnection of both pinions from the shafts when it isdesired to discontinue the feed of the ribbon.

The means for effecting the positive rota tion of the spool-pinions and for reversing the direction of the ribbon-feed by causing the positive rotation of one pinion or the other at the will of the operator includes a stationary operating rack 32, preferably rigid with the rear carriage-guide 4. (See Fig. 8.) Constantly meshing with this rack are a pair of shift-pinions 33 and 34 of sufficient Width to enable either of them to mesh with both a spool-pinion and the rack. These shift-pinions 33 and 34 are carried by arms 35 at the opposite ends of a shift-bar or shifter 36 slidably' supported by a bracket 37, mounted on the rear hanger-bars 3B, which support the type-ring 6. The interval between the shift-pinions 33 and Set is such that while both are constantly in engagement with the operating-rack 32 only one of them can mesh with a spool-pinion at any time. Therefore by shifting the bar 36 one shift.- pinion is caused to mesh with the adjacent spool-pinion, while the other is simultaneously withdrawn from engagement with the spool-pinion at the opposite end of the carriage. When one of the shift-pinions is enmeshed with both the operating-rack and a spoolpini on, said spool-pinion will be rotated in a direction to wind the ribbon upon the contiguous spool when the carriage is advanced in the direction of letter-spacing, and hence when the carriage is fed forward step by step by the operation of the letter or space keys the ribbon will be fed to present an unused portion thereof to each succeeding type as the latter ispresented to the printingpoint. By reason of the pawhand-ratchet connection between the spool-pinions and the spool-shafts the pinion which is'in operation will rotate independently of the shaft during the retraction of the carriage, so that the feed of the ribbon will be automatically stopped when the retractile, movement of the carriage is begun and will so remain until the carriage again moves forward in the direction of let-terspacing. Obviously as the'ribbonfeeding mechanism is operated by the move-- ment of the power-propelled carriage the latter constitutes a motor for operating said feeding mechanism. The preceding descrip tion of the ribbon supporting and feeding mechanism may be amplified by reference to the Smith patent before identified.

I shall now proceed to describe the mechanisin whereby the direction of the feed of the ribbon will be automatically reversed when said ribbon has been completely wound upon one of the spools. This reversal is clfected by temporarily connecting the keys of the type-writer with the shift-bar 36 so that the de ression of a key to rint will instantly shift the bar to reverse't 1e direction of the ribbon-feed, andthis temporary connection iseffected at the roper time by mechanism which is .normally held inactive by the ribbon, but which when .the feed in one direction is completed will be effective to establish the connection between the keys and the shiftbar for the purpose stated.

At each end of the carriage is mounted a group of elements constituting ribbon-reversing mechanism, each group bein arranged to move the shift-bar 36in one irection. The reversing mechanism at the lefthand end of the carriage viewed from the front includes a lever 39 of the first class fulcrumed upon a bracket 40, pendent from the carriage-casing. At its lower end the lever 39 has a loose pivotal connection, as at 41, with the shift-bar 36, while the upper end of the lever, which is extended into the carriagecasing, is equipped with a locking-dog 42 and a lateral stud or projection 43. The beak 44 of the dog 42 normally extends over and engages a tooth or projection 45 at the bottom of the carriage-casing (see Figs. 1 and 4) to lock the lever against such movement as would serve to shift the bar 36. The dog 42 is yieldingly urged toward its engaging position by a sprin 46 and adjacent to its free end is provide with a laterally-extending pin 47, which is engaged and lifted to withdraw the dog from the projection by an unlocking-cam 48. The cam 48 is carried at the free end of a rocker-arm 49, depending from one end of a short rock-shaft 50, supported in bearing-brackets 51 and carryin at its opposite end a horizontally-dispose arm 52. In the arm 52 is a right-angular slot 53, through which extends a headed stud 54, carried at the lower end of a link 55, pivoted at its upper end to an arm 56,-extending forwardly from the shaft 15. When in the operation of the type-writer the shaft 15 is rocked by the keys to operate the esca ement in the manner heretofore described, t e stud 53' plays idly up and down in the vertical por tion 53 of the slot 53, and when thus positioned (see Fig. 4) there is no operative connection between the keys and the shift-bar.

Obviously, howeverflf the link 55 be shifted laterally to present the stud 54 within the horizontal portion 53 of the slot 53 the subsequent depression of the arm 56 when the shaft 15 is rocked by a key will effect the depression of the'arm 52, (see Fig. 7,) since an operative connection will thus be effected between the rock s haft and the shaft 15. When the arm 52 is thus de ressed, the shaft 50 will be rocked to swing t 'e, arm 49, which i after lifting thedog 42 will contact with the stud 43 and swing the lever 39 to shift the. .ba1'36 and reverse the ribbon-feed. This movement of the link to establish a temporary connection between the keys and the shift-bar of the ribbon-feeding mechanism is effected by a ribbon-controlled finger 57 through the medium of interposed mechanism including a rock-shaft 58, from the rear end of which extends an arm 59,. connected at its upper end to the link 55 by a link 60.

From the shaft 58, journaled in bearings 58; extend a air of arms 61, connected at their outer enc s by a bar 62, said arms and the bar constituting a yoke designed to be engaged and swun by the finger 57 for the pur pose of urging t e arm 59 and the link 55 in i the proper direction to cause the stud 54 to enter the horizontal portion 53 of the slot 53, and thus effect the temporary connection of the keys and shift-bar. In effect, the swingin yoke and the arm 59 constitute a lever of the first class; but the yoke-like form of the fewer arm of this lever is necessitated by the fact that the finger 57 is carried by the ribbon-spool 26 and must be capable In such position i of the plate the arm 57 is located within the I periphery of the spool; but when in course of time the ribbon 1s unwound from the spool the plate 63 is urged outwardly by a spring 64, so as to project the arm 57 beyond the periphery of the spool and into a path of movement obstructed by the bar 62 of the yoke. (See Fig. 1.) When the arm 57 has lifted the bar 62 and moved away from'the same, the link 55 is drawn back by a spring 65 to present the stud,54 opposite the vertical portioni53 ofthe slot 53, and thus break.

the connection between the keys and the shift-bar.

At the right-hand end of the carriage (viewed from the front) is a second group of reversing mechanism very similar in construction to that just described, some modification being made necessary by the fact that instead of a second lever like the lever 39 the right-hand end of the shift-bar 36 is equipped with a rigid vertically-disposed arm 66, having its upper end extended into the carriage-casing and equipped with a locking dog 67, urged by a springl 68. toengage -a tooth or projection 69, as s hold the shift-bar in one position. e bar 66 is provided with an angular head 70, equipped with a laterally-disposed stud 71,

and with a vertical slot 72 through which latter a 'pin 73isextended from the dog 67. The pin 73" is. arranged to be engaged and lifted to disengage the dog 67 by an unlockown 'in Fi 6, to

. normal held by the ribbon in their inactive positions.

spring 78. At the front end of theshaft 76 hon-reversing mechanism is as follows: As-

ing-cam74, carried at the lower end of a] rocker-arm 75, extended from a rock-shaft j 76, journaled in the bearings 77 and corresponding generally to the rock-shaft '50 at the j other end of the carriage. The arm 75, how- I ever, is secured'to the shaft 76 between the bearings 77 and is provided with a retracting- 1s fixed a horizontal arm 79, provided-with a right-angular slot 80, corresponding to the slot 53 in the arm 52 and likewise receivinga stud 81, projecting from a link 82, pendent from an arm 83, extended forwardly from the escapement-operating rock-shaft 15. The link 82 is designed to be shifted laterj ally to present the stud 81 opposite the horizontal portion 80 of the slot 80 by an arm l 84, connected to the link 82 by a link 85. The arm 84 extends upwardly from a rockshaft'86, corresponding with the shaft 58 at the other end of the machine and likewise provided with a yoke comprising arms 87 and a connecting-bar 88. This yoke is arranged to be engaged and operated by a finger 89, associated With the spool 27 and corresponding in construction, operation, and mounting with the finger 57, except that said finger 89 is desi ed to swing the bar 88 downwardly as distinguished from the upward movement of the .bar 62 by the finger 57.v The retraction of the link 82 to'pr'esent the stud 81 in its osition opposite the vertical portion 80 of tiie slot 80 is effected by a spring 90, secured at one end to the link 82 and at its 0 posite end to an arm 91 projecting from tl e shaft15. -(See Figs. 3 and 8.)

Briefly, theoperation of my automatic ribsuming the parts to be in the positions shown in Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 8, it will be noted that the ribbon is artially wound upon both spools and that oth of the fingers 57 and 89 are It will also be noted (see particularly Fig. 8) that the shift-pinion 34 is in engagement with the rack 32 and the spool-pinion 31 and that consequentl the spool 27 is being operated (assuming t e carriage to be in motion) to feed the ribbon in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 8. Furthermore, (see parl ticularly Fig. 3,) the shift-bar is held in one position'by the engagement of the dog 42 j with the tooth or projection 45, so that accidental reversal of the ribbon-feed is impossible. The positive operation of the reversing mechanism isof course prevented,'because' there is no operative connection between'the keys and thoshift-bar, since thestuds 54 and j 81 will reciprocate idly in the vertical p'ortions of the slots 53 and 80 when the links 55. and .82 are moved vertically by the swinging of the shaft 15 under the impulse of the keys to operate the escapementv Finally, however, the ribbon will be competely wound upon the spool 27 and unwound from the,

finger 57 in the position shownfin ment of the spool 26 the plate 63, relieved of the enveloping convolutions of the ribbon, will swing outwardly, tlius presenting. ,the'

. .1. Continued movementof the carriage an the consequentrotation of the spool 26will present the fin er 57 to-the bar 62 of the adjacent yoke, 't us lifting the latter to rock the shaft 58 and effectingthe shifting of the stud 54 to the horizontal. portion of theslot 53. An operative connection will. thus beestablished between the keys andv the shift-bar 36,

since it is evident that .uponthe next depression of a. key the shaft 15 will be rocked, thus depressing the links 55 and 82, as shown in Fig. 7. This depression of the link 82 is ineffective, because the lug'thereof will pla in the vertical portion of the slot 80; but the depression of the other link 55 is effective, because its stud 54, bein in the horizontal portion ofthe slot 53, Wil depress the arm 52, as shown in Fig. 7, thus rocking the shaft 50 and swinging the arm 49.- The initial movement of the arm 49 causes the unlocking-cam 48 to ride under the pin 47, thus lifting the dog 42 out of engagement with the tooth 45 and unlocking the shift-bar. Continued movement of the arm 49 presents it to the stud 43 at'the upper end of the lever 39, the lever being then moved to shift the bar 36 to disengage the shift-pinion 34 from the spool-pinion 31 and to engage the shift-pinion 33 with the spool-pinion 30 at the other end of ,the carriage, as shown in Fig 7. This movement of the shiftbar 36will move the dog 67 from the position shown in Fig. l to the position shown in Fig. 6-to wit, from the unlocked to the locked p0sition-and said dog will then serve as locking means for the shift bar in lieu of the dog 42, which is now in an unlocked position, as also shown in Fig. 7.

The positions of the parts having been reversed in the manner stated, the shifting of the escapem ent permitted by the release of} the key will permit the carriage to be drawn to the right, and during such movement. the spool 26 will be positively operated in-a direction to wind the ribbon thereon instead of on the spool 27, as before.- As the finger 57 moves with the spool 26 it "will recede from the bar 62, thus permitting the latter to drop and to swing the link 55-back to its normal position, as shown in Fig. '4, presenting the stud 54 to the vertical portion of the slot 53 I H and breaking theconnection between the keys andv the shift-bar. The keys may now be operated without effecting the ribbon-reversing mechanism, and before the finger 57.

again arrives at a point where it might contact with the adjacent yoke it will have been drawn inward toward the axis of the ribbonspool by the'winding of the ribbon upon the i latter.

Vance from the spool 27 to the spool 26 dur i ing the step-by step advance of the carriage The ribbon will now continue to adwill operate to effect a reversal of the ribbonfeed. in a manner substantially similar to the described operation of that roup of mechanism located at the left-ham? riage. In other words, the unwinding of the ribbon from the spool 27 will permit the finger 89 to move out, so that as the spool 27 continues to rotate the finger will strike and depress the bar 88, thus rocking the shaft 86 and causing the stud 81 on thelink 82 to be shifted to the horizontal portion of the slot 80in the arm 79. The depression of a key will then rock the shaft 15, causing a de ression of the link 82 and the swinging 0' the arm 75. As the arm swin s it first presents the unlocking-cam 74 to t 1e end of the pin 72, releasing the dog 67 from the tooth 69, and subsequently engages the stud 71 to shift the bar 36 back to the position shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 8, the lever 39, connected to the bar, being incidentally swung to cause the dog 42 to again engage the tooth 45.

Thus it will be seen that the ribbon-reversing mechanism comprehends a shifter or shift-bar movable to reverse the ribbomfeed, two locking devices which look theshiftebar in its respective positions, two unlocking and shifting mechanisms each arranged to unlock and shift the bar, and two mechanisms each operated by a ribbon-controlled element to effect a temporary connection between the keys of the type-writer and one of the unlocking and shifting mechanisms.

It is thought that from the foregoing the construction and operation of the described mechanism will be clearly understood. It

should be distinctly understood, however, that I reserve the right to effect such changes or variations of the illustrated structure as may be suggested by experience and experiment or necessary to the equipment of different types of machines, provided only that suchvariations from the construction shown be fairly embraced within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is-' 1. In a type-writin machine, the combination with the movab eycarriage, and keys, of ribbon-feeding mechanism operated by the movement of the carriage, and ribbon-feedreversing mechanism'operated by the keys.

2. In a type-writingmachine, the combination with a frame, a movable carriage, and

keys, of ribbon-feeding mechanism mounted. on the carriageand operated by the move.

ment thereo and ribbon-feed-reversing mechanism operated by the keys.

3. In a type-writing machine ,the combinaend of the car-- tion with a movable carriage, and keys, of

ribbon-feeding mechanism operated by the movement of the carriage, ribbon-reversing mechanism, and means for automatically connecting the ribbon-reversing mechanism with thekeys to effect the reversal of the'ribbon-feed' at the proper time.

4. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a movable carriage,'and keys, of ribbon-feedingmechanism mounted on the carriage and o erated by the movement 't'hereohuand ri bon-reversing mechanism also mounted on the by the keys. M

5.. In a typewriting machine, the combination with amovable carriage and ribbonfeeding mechanism mounted on and operated by the movement of the carriage, of the typewriter keys, ribbon-reversing mechanism normally disconnected from the keys, and ribbon-controlled means for connecting the keys with the ribbon-reversing mechanism during the travel of the carriage from one printing position to another, whereb the key next depressed will operate the ri bonfeed-reversing mechanism to reverse the di-' rection of the ribbon-feed 6. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the carriage, ribbon-spools movable therewith, a relatively fixed rack, and earing arranged to gear eitherof the spoo s to the rack to effect the positive rotation of one spool or the other as the carriage advances, of ribbon-feed-reversin 'mechanism arranged to shift the gearing to disconnect one ribbonspool from the rack and to gear the other spool to said rack, the usual type-writer keys normally disconnected from the ribbon-feedreversing mechanism, a device movable to effect an operative connection between the 105 keys and the ribbon-feed-reversing mechanism, and a member movable with a ribbonspool to operate said connecting device, said member bein normally retained in an mactive position y the ribbon wound upon the carriage and operated spool.

.7. In a type-writing machine, the combination with the carriage and keys, of a pair of ribbon-spools. movable with the carriage spool-pinions for the spools, a relatively I15 fixed rack, a shift-bar, a pair of shift-pinions carried .by the bar and engaging the rack, ribbon-feed-reversing mechanism arrangeito shift the shift-bar to present one of the shiftpinions to a s col-pinion, and ribbon-con- 12o trolled means or automaticall connectin the vribbon-feed-reversing mec anism wit the keysfor actuation by the latter. I

8. In atype-writing machine, the combination with the keys and the esca ement 0 erated thereby, of a motor, ri hbon-fee 'ng mechanism operated by the motor and controlled by the escapernent, ribbomfeed-re: versin mechanism normally disconnected from t e keys, and ribbon-controlled means we for effecting a tempora r connection between I the ribbon-feed-reversing mechanism and the I controlling the movement thereof, ribbonactuation by feeding meohanism' operated by the. movement of the carriageandthus controlled by. the escapement, a member for operating the escapement, keys having permanent operative connection-with the member to operate the same and thus'shift the escapement when a key is depressed to print a character, ribbon-feed-reversing mechanism normally disconnected from the escapement,-operating member, and means .for automatically connecting said member with the ribbon-feedreversing mechanism to operate the latter.

'10. In atype-writingfmaohine, the combinationwith a carriage, an, escapement' controlling its movement, an escapement operating member,-and'keys for moving the member, of ribbon-feeding mechanism, ribbonfeed reversing mechanism, a connecting device carried by the escapement-operating member and movable into effective engagement with the ribbon-reversing mechanism, and ribbon-controlled means for moving the connecting device. I

11. Ina type-writing machine, the combination with the carriage, keys, and ribbon feeding mechanism, of ribbon-reversing mechanism including a lever having an angular slot in one arm thereof, and mechanism' or connecting said lever with the keys for the latter, saidmechanism including a connectin device playin idly in one portion of the s 0t and moVabIe to another portion of the slott-o operativelyconnect the lever and keys.

12. In a type-writing machine, the combination with the carriage, es'capement, and keys, of a rock-shaft operated by the keys and serving to actuate the escapement, ribbon feeding mechanism, ribbon reversing mechanism, and a connecting member mov able with the rock-shaft as the latter is op erated by the keys and also movable in annation other direction into and out of effective engagement with the ribbon-reversing mechanism. j

' 13. In a type-writing machine, the'combination with the carriage, escapement, and keys, of a rock-shaft operated by the keys and disposed to operate the escapement, rib-- bon-feeding mechanism, ribbon-feed-reversing mechanism including a lever, and a link movable with the rock-shaft and arranged to swing-into and out of effective engagement with the lever.

14. In a type-writing machine, the combinationv with the carriage, escapement, and 1 keys, of a key-operated rock-shaftarran ed to operate the escapement, ribbon-feeding mechanism operated by the movement of the carriage and including a shifter movable to reverse the ribbon-feed, ribbori-feed-reverS- ing mechanism including a lever for moving the shifter, a link reciprocated by the rockshaft when the latter is moved to operate the escapement, and ribbon controlled means for swinging the link into effective engage.

ribbon-feed-renientwi'th the lever of the versin mechanism.

15. n a type-writing machine, the combiwith the carriage, its escapement, and

an escapement operatmg member, of ribbon supporting and feeding mechanism including a pairof ribbon-spools, means for positively rotating either spool, and a shifter, ribbonfeed-reversing mechanism for moving the shifter, aconnecting device carried by the escapement-operating member and movable into effective engagement with the lever, a second lever for moving the connecting device to its engaging position, and a'finger movable-with a spoolto operate the last-named lever, said finger being nor mally held 'in an inoperative position by the ribbon woundupon the spool. e

16.- In a ty e-Writing machine, the combination with t e carriage, keys, ribbon-feeding mechanism, and ribbon feed reversing mechanism, of-a key-operated locking device for the ribbon-ffeed-reversing mechanism.

17. In a type-Writin machine, the CO111bl:--

nation with a carriage, eys,and ribbon-feeding mechanism including an element movableto reverse the direction of the ribbonfeed, of a key-operated lockingdevice for said element.

18. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a carriage, keys, and ribbon-feeding mechanism including an element movable to reverse the direction of the ribbonfeed, ofa locking device for said element normally disconnected from the keys, and means for efi ectinga temporary connection between the keys and the locking device. 19. In a type-writin machine, the combination with acarriage, keys, and ribbon-feeding mechanism including an element movable to reverse the direction of the ribbonfeed, of a locking device for said element, and means for automatically connecting the lookincluding a lever -IIO nation witha carriage, keys, and ribbon-feeding mechanism including an element movable to reverse. the direction of the ribbonfeed, of a locking device for said element, and ribbon-controlled means for effecting temporary connection between the keys and the locking device.

21. In a typewriting machine, the combs nation with the carriage, keys, and ribbonfeeding mechanism including a shifter, ofa pivoted locking-dog having operative connection with the shifter and engaging a fixed part, and means for disengaging the dog from the fixed part to release the shifter.

22. In a type-writing machine, the combination with the carriage, keys, and ribbonfeeding mechanism including a shifter, of a locking device for the shifter, and means operated by the keys for operating the locking device and the shifter.

23. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a carriage, keys, and ribbon-feeding mechanism includinga shifter, of a lock ing device for the shifter, a member movable to operate the locking device to release the shifter and also movable to actuate the shifter, and means for connecting said member with the keys for actuation thereby.

24. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a carriage, keys, and ribbon-feeding mechanism including ashifter, of a looking device for the shifter, and ribbon-controlled means for eflectinga temporary connection between the keys and the locking device and shifter, whereby the depression of a key will move the locking device to release the shifter and will thereafter operate the shiflter to reverse the direction of the ribbonfeet. Y.

25. In a type-W-ritin machine, the combination with a carriage, eys, and ribbon-feedmg mechanism including a shifter movable to change the direction of the ribbon-feed, of a locking device for the shifter, a lever movable to release and move the shifter, and ribbon-- controlled means for automatically connecting the lever to the keys for actuation by the latter.

26. In a type-writin machine, the combination with a carriage, eys, and ribbon=feeding mechanism including a shifter movable to reverse the direction of the ribbon-feed, of a lock for the shifter, an escapement controlling the movemen't'of the carriage, an escapement-operating member arranged to be operated by the keys, a lever movable to unlock and move the shifter, said lever being normally disconnected from the .escapement operating member, and means for automatically establishing a temporary connection between the escapementmperating member and the lever.

27. In a type-writin 'machine, the combi nation with a carriage, eys, andribbon-feeding mechanism including a shifter movable to reverse the direction of the ribbon-feed, of a lock for the shifter, an escapement controlling the movement of the carriage, anescapfement-operating member arranged to be 0 erat'ed by the keys, a lever movable to un ock and move the shifter, said lever being normally discefnnected from the escapement operating member, and ribbon-controlled means for effecting anoperative connectlon between ithe escapement-cont'rolled member and the ever.- i

28. In a type-writing machine,'the combiment-operating member arranged to be operated by the he s, a lever movable to unlock and move t e shifter, said lever being normally disconnected from the escapementoperating member, a swinging link carried by the escapement-o crating member, and

means for moving sai link into efi ective en gagementwith the lever.

29. In a type-writin machine, the combination with a carriage, eys, and ribbon-feeding mechanism including a shifter movable to reverse the direction of the ribbon-feed, of a pair of locking devices for said shifter, and means for operatively connecting the keys with the locking devices in alternation.

30. In a ty'pe-writin machine, the combination with a carriage, eys, and ribbon-feeding mechanism includin a shifter, of a pair of locking devices for t e shifter, a pair of ribbon-feed reversing mechanisms each arranged tomove one of the lockin devices of the shifter, and ribbon-eontrolle means for alternately connecting 'the ribbon-reversing mechanisms with the keys for actuation thereby.

31. In a type-writer, the combinationwith acarria e, escapementand keys, of 'a keyoperatetI member arranged to operate the escapement, ribbon-feeding mechanism including a shifter movable to reverse the ribbon- .feed, ribbomfeed-reversing mechanism including a lever for moving the shifter, alink reciprocated by the escapement operated member when the latter is moved to operate the escapement, and ribbon-controlled means for swin in the link into effective engagement wit t e lever of the ribbon-feed-reversing mechanism.

32. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a movable carriage, a key and ribbon-feedin mechanism operated by the movement of t e carriage, of'means operated by the key for reversing the feed of the ribbon.

33. In a type-writing machine, the combination with rinting mechanism and aribbon, of a motor or feedm the ribbon relative to the printingmechamsm, a key, and means 0 )erated by the key for effecting the reversal of the ribbon-feed.

34. nation with printing mechanism and an inkribbon, of a motor for feeding the ribbon relative to the printing mechanism, a key, ribbonfeed reversing mechanism, and automatic means for effecting a temporary connection between the key and the ribbon-reversing mechanism. v

35. In a type-writing machine, the combination with printing mechanism and an inkribbon, of a motor for feeding the ribbon rela- In a type-writing machine, the combi-' Ice tive to the printing mechanism, keys for oper- I ating the printing mechanism, and. ribbon- I feedreversing mechanism operated by said keys.

36. Ina type-writing machine, the combikeys therefor, and an ink-ribbon, of a motor for feeding the ink-ribbon relative to the printing mechanism, ribbon-feed-reversing mechanism, and means whereby the keys will be automatically connected with the ribbon feed-reversing mechanism to operate the latter when the feed of the ribbon in one direcnation with printing mechanism, operatingtion is completed. I p

37. In a type-writing machine, a movable carriage, printing mechanism and a key, of a ribbon, ribbon-feeding mechanism operated I by the movement of the carriage, ribbon-feed- I reversing mechanism normally disconnected 1 from the key, and means for temporarily co nl necting the key with the ribb on-feed-reversing mechanism. v

'38. In a type-writing machine, a movable I carriage, printing mechanism and a key, of a ribbon, ribbonieeding mechanism operated by the movement of the carriage, ribbonl'cedreversing mechanism normally disconnected from the key, for temporarily connecting the key with the ribbon-feed-reversing mechanism.

39. In a type-writing machine, a movable carriage, printing mechanism and a key, of a ribbon, ribbon-feeding mechanism operated by the movement of the carriage, ribbonfeed-reversing mechanism normally disconnected from the key, and ribbon-controlled means for temporarily connecting the key with the ribbon-feed-reversing mechanism.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM A. TWINING. Witnesses: i

IV. 'l. MoELRoY, ARTHUR (lOWDREY.

and automatic means 1 

